Article Sidebar

The 3rd International Conference of Agricultural Sciences 27-28 March, 2019
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 346 Download : 227

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

The study was conducted at the Shatt Al-Arab River at Ktiban creek  in three stations during the period from October 2017 to September 2018. The first station was in the Shatt Al-Arab near Al- Hartha power Station, the second and third stations were in the Ktiban creek. Samples were collected once a monthly. A total of 5106 fish were collected from the study, period included 24 species belong to 12 families, and consisted of eight marine species and 16 freshwater species (nine native and seven exotic species). Physical and chemical characteristics were measured during sampling period. water temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH, light penetration, salinity, current flow, total dissolve solid (TDS), nitrate, nitrite and phosphates The range of parameters  in the Shatt Al-Arab were within their normal levels except salinity values and TDS (8.7 PSU and 8210 mg /l respectively). The values of the diversity index (H) were calculated in the study stations between 1.06 -1.87 and evenness index (j) ranged from 0.42 -0.83and richness index(D) between 1.00 -2.62.

Keywords

Fertility traits Polymorphism sheep TGF-B gene

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Hasan, K. H. ., & Resen, A. K. . (2019). Fish Assemblage of Ktiban creek the upper Reach of Shatt Al-Arab River. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 32, 98–123. https://doi.org/10.37077/25200860.2019.144
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Abadi, D.A.H. (2009). Study of the quality, quantity and environment of aquatic plants in the southern Iraq marshes during 2006 and 2007. Ph. D Thesis, Coll. Sci., Univ. Basrah: 202pp. (in Arabic).
  2. Abbas, R.H. (2014). Environmental Assessment of Shatt al-Arab in Al-Shafi area. M. Sc. Thesis, Coll. Agric, Univ. Basrah: 71pp. (in Arabic).
  3. Abdullah, A.D.; Karim, U.F.A.K.; Masih, I.; Popescu, I. & Zaag, P.V.D. (2016). Anthropogenic and tidal influences on salinity levels of the Shatt al-Arab River, Basra, Iraq. Int. J. River Bas. Manage., 14(3): 357-366. (in Arabic).
  4. Abdullah, A.AM.; Al-Issa, S.A.Q. & Jassim, A.K. (2001) Physical and chemical properties of the water of the northern part of the Shatt al-Arab River. Basrah J. Agric. Sci., 14(3): 123-143. (in Arabic).
  5. Abdullah, A.H.J. (2015). Fish diversity and some characteristics of life in the northern part of Shatt Al-Arab and some of its approaches. Ph.D. Thesis, Coll. Agric., Univ. Basrah: 192pp. (in Arabic).
  6. Abood, A.N. (2018). Studying the structure and distribution of fish populations in the Shatt Al -Arab. Ph. D. Thesis, Coll. Agric., Univ. Basrah: 220pp. (in Arabic).
  7. Ahmed, M.H. (2017). Studying the structure of the small fish community in the nursery areas and the effect of organic pollution in the river Karma Ali. M. Sc. Thesis. Coll. Agric., Univ. Basrah: 85pp. (in Arabic).
  8. Al-Abbawy, D.A.H. & Al-Mayah, A.A. (2010). Ecological survey of aquatic macrophytes in restored Marshes of Southern Iraq during 2006 and 2007. Marsh Bull., 5: 177-196. (in Arabic).
  9. Al-Mayah, A.R.A.A. & Al-Asadi, W.T. (2010). Hydrilla verticillata (I.f.) Royle was studied in the marshes of southern Iraq. And spread in the marshes of southern Iraq. Basrah Res. (Sci.), 36(1): 38-51. (in Arabic).
  10. Al-Okailee, M.T.K.; Mutlak, F.M. & Younis, K.H. (2016). Distribution and abundance of Hilsa, Tenualosa ilisha larvae in the Shatt Al-Arab River and East Al-Hammar Marsh. Mesopot. J. Mar. Sci., 31(1): 75- 84. (in Arabic).
  11. Al-Ridini, A.J. (2010). Environment and nature of the structure of the fish community in Al-Radwaniyah Lake, west of Baghdad. Agric. J., 15(1): 96-106. (in Arabic).
  12. Al-Saad, H.T.; Alhello, A.A.; Al-Kazaeh, D.K.; Alhello, M.A.; Hassan, W.F. & Mahdi, S. (2015). Analysis of water quality using physicochemical parameters in the Shatt Al-Arab estuary, Iraq. Int. J. Mar. Sci., 5(49): 1-9. (in Arabic).
  13. Al-Tawash, B; Al-Lafta, S.H., & Merkel, B. (2013). Preliminary assessment of the Shatt al Arab Riverine environment, Basra Government, Southern Iraq. Research, 3(13) :120-136.
  14. Carpenter, K.E.; Krupp,F; Jones, D.A., &. Zajonz, U (1997). The Living Marine Resources of Kuwait, Eastern Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Qatar and the United Arab Univ. J .Nat. Sci. Emirates. FAO species Identification Feld Guide for Fishery Purposes, FAO, Rome: viii + 293 pp. + XVII pls.
  15. Clarke, A. (2003). Costs and consequences of evolutionary temperature adaptation. Trends Ecol. Evol., 18(11): 573-581.
  16. Coad, B.W. (1991). Fishes of the Tigris –Euphrates Basin: A critical Syllogeus No .68: 31pp.
  17. Coad, B.W.(2017). Freshwater fishes of Iraq: Check list. www.briancoad.com. downloaded 40 March, 2017.
  18. Durance, I. & Ormerod, S.J. (2007). Climate change effects on upland stream macroinvertebrates over a 25-year period. Glob. Change Biol., 13: 942- 957.
  19. Fazio, F.; Marafioti, S.; Arfuso, F.; Piccione, G. & Faggio, C. (2013). Influence of different salinity on haematological and biochemical parameters of the widely cultured mullet, Mugil cephalus. Marine and Freshwater Behaviour and Physiology, 46(4), 211-218.
  20. Gomes, M.C.; Serrao, E. & de Fátima Borges, M. (2001). Spatial patterns of groundfish assemblages on the continental shelf of Portugal. ICES J .Mar. Sci, 58(3): 633-647.
  21. Hameed, A. and Al-Jorany, Y. S. (2011). Investigation on nutrient behavior along Shatt Al-Arab river Basrah, Iraq. J. Appl. Sci. Res., 7(8): 1340-1345.
  22. Hameed, E.K. (2017). Studying the structure of fish gathering in the Kermat Ali River, Southern Iraq, M. Sc. Thesis, Coll. Agric., Univ. Basrah. 101pp. (in Arabic).
  23. Haney, D.C. & Walsh, S.J. (2003). Influence of salinity and temperature on the physiology of Limia melanonotata (Cyprinodontiformes: Poeciliidae): A search for abiotic factors limiting insular distribution in Hispaniola. Caribbean J. Sci., 39: 327-337.
  24. Hassan, F.M. (2004). Limnological features of Diwanyia river, Iraq. J. Um-Salama Sci., 1(1): 119- 124.
  25. Horn, M. H. & Allen, L.G. (1985). Fish community Ecology in southern California Bays and estuaries In: Yanez- Aroncibia, A. (Ed.). Fish community Ecology in estuaries and costal lagoon towards an ecosystem integration.: 654pp.
  26. Hussain, N.A.; Younis, K.H. and yousif, U.H. (1997). The composition of small fish assemblage in the river Shatt Al-Arab near Basrah, Iraq. Acta Hydrobiol., 39: 29-37.
  27. Hussain, N.A; Ali, A.H. & Lazem, L.F. (2012). Ecological indices of key biological groups in Southern Iraqi marshland during 2005-2007. Mesopot. J. Mar. Sci., , 27 (2): 112 – 125.
  28. Hussain, N.A. (2014). The Iraqi Marshlands Environment. Dar Al Fikr for Publishing and Distribution, Basrah, Iraq: 432pp. (in Arabic).
  29. Hussein, S.A. & Fahad, K.K. (2008). Seasonal variations in abiotic ecological conditions in Al - Garaf canal one of the main branches to Tigris River Thi Qar province. 3rd Nat. Conf. Ecol. 7-8, Nov., 2008 (Basrah. J. Sci.).
  30. Hussein, S.A. & Atte, R.S. (2000). Comparative studies on limnological features of the shatt Al-Arab estuary and Mehejran canal. ll. Monthly variations of nutrients. Basrah. J. Agric. Sci., B(2): 53-61.
  31. Ibarra, A.A.; Park, Y.S.; Brosse, S.; Reyjol, Y.; Lim, P. & Lek, S. (2005). Nested patterns of spatial diversity revealed for fish assemblages in a west European river. Ecol. Freshw. Fish., 14(3): 233-242.
  32. Jassim, A.A.W. (2003). Some aspects of the life of the fish in the Basrah Canal and the Shatt al-Arab River. Ph. D. Thesis, Coll. Agric., Univ. Basrah: 72 pp. (in Arabic).
  33. Kumar, J. & Pandey, A.K. (2013). Present status of ichthyofaunal diversity and impact of exotics in Uttar Pradesh. J. Exp. Zool. India, 16 (2): 429-434.
  34. Lampert, W. & Sommer, U. (1997). Limnology: The Ecology of Lake and Stream. Oxford Univ. Press. Avenue- New York: 324pp.
  35. Larned, S.T.; Datry, T.; Arscott, D.B. & Tockner, K. (2010). Emerging concepts in temporary-river ecology. Freshw. Biol., 55: 717-738.
  36. Lazem , L.F. (2014). Ecological Evaluation of the Shatt Al-Arab River and fish assemblage by Applying Geographical Information System (GIS). Ph. D. Thesis. Coll. Agric, Univ. Basrah.: 134pp.
  37. Lazem, L.F. (2009). The structural characteristics of the fish community and its association with the environmental factors of the Kerma River on southern Iraq. Master Thesis, Coll. Agric, Univ Basrah: 90 pp. (in Arabic).
  38. Margalefe, R. (1968). Perspectives in ecology. Univ. Chicago. Press Chicago., 111pp.
  39. Matono, P.; Bernardo, J.M.; Costa, A.M. & Ilhéu, M. (2014). Fish response to anthropogenic pressures in temporary streams: the importance of environmental drivers. River Res. Appl., 30: 1281-1295.
  40. Moel, M.S. (2010). Evaluation of the water quality of the northern part of the Shatt al - Arab using the Canadian Water Quality Manual (CCME). M. Sc. Thesis, Coll. Sci., Univ. Basrah: 100pp. (in Arabic).
  41. Mohamed A.R.M.; Hussein, S.A. & Lazem, L.F. (2010). Ecological traits on fish assemblage in the Garma River using Canoca program. Basrah J. Sci., 28: 92-106.
  42. Mohamed A.R.M.; Hussein, S.A. & Lazem, L.F. (2013). Spatiotemporal variability of fish assemblage in the Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq. Basrah J Agric. Sci., 26(1): 43-59.
  43. Mohamed A.R.M.; Resen, A.K. & Taher, M.M. (2012). Longitudinal patterns of fish community structure in the Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq. Basrah J. Sci., 30(2): 65-86.
  44. Mohamed, A.R.M. & Hussain, N.A. (2012b). Trophic strains and diet shift of The fish assemblage in the recently restored ALHammar marsh, southern Iraq. J. Univ. Duhok, 15(1): 119-127.
  45. Mohamed, A.R.M.; Al-Noor, S.S. & Faris, R.A. (2008). The status of artisanal fisheries in the lower reaches of Mesopotamian Rivers, North Basrah, Iraq. Proc. 5th lnt. Con. Biol. Sci., 5: 128- 132.
  46. Mohamed, A.R.M.; Hussein, S.A. & Lazem, L.F. (2015). Spatiotemporal variability of fish assemblage in the Shatt Al-Arab River, Iraq. J. Coast. Life Med, 3(1): 27-34.
  47. Mohamed, A.R.M.; Younis, K.H. & Hameed, K.H. (2017). Status of Fish Assemblage Structure in the Garmat Ali River, Iraq. IOSR J. Agric. Sci.,10(2): 17-22.
  48. Mohamed, A.R.M.; Younis, K.H. & Hameed, E.K. (2017b). Status of Fish Assemblage Structure in the Garmat Ali River, Iraq. IOSR J. Agric. Vet. Sci., 10(2): 17-22.
  49. Mohammed, A. R. M. & Mutlaq F. M. (2008). Structural, abundance and diversity of small fish community in The estuary of the Shatt al-Arab, northwest of the Arabian Gulf. Coll. Agric., Univ. Basrah, 2(21): 151-170. (in Arabic).
  50. Mohammed, A.R.M.; Hussein, S.A. & Lazem, L.F. (2013). The temporal and spatial variation of fish gathering in the Shatt Al-Arab, Iraq. Basrah Agric. Sci., 26 (1): 43-59. (in Arabic).
  51. Moyel, M.S. (2014). Assessment of water quality of the Shatt Al-Arab River, using multivariate statistical technique. Mesopot- amia Environ. J., 1(1), 39-46.
  52. Mrosso, H.D.J.; Msuku, B.S. & Seehausen, O. (2004). Relationship between water transparency and species richness of surviving Haplochromines in selected habitats Mwanza Gulf-lake Victoria. Tanz. J. Sci., 30(1): 101-108.
  53. Odum, W.A. (1970). Insidious alternation the estuarine environment. Trans. Am. Fish. Soc., 99: 836-847.
  54. Olden, J.D.; Hogan, Z.S. & Zanden, M.J.V. (2007). Small fish, big fish, red fish, blue fish: size-biased extinction risk of the world's freshwater and marine fishes. Glob. Ecol. Biogeogr.,16(6): 694-701.
  55. O'Neill, B.; De Raedemaecker, F.; McGrath, D. & Brophy, D. (2011). An experimental investigation of salinity effects on growth, development and condition in the European flounder (Platichthys flesus L.). J. Exp. Mar. Biol. Ecol., 410: 39-44.
  56. Partow, H. (2001). The Mesopotamian marsh lands. Demise of an Ecosystem. Early warning and assessment Technical Report, UNEP/DEWA/ TR.o1-3 Rev.1 Pielou, E.C. (1977). Mathematical ecology. John Wiley, New York: 385pp.
  57. Pérez-Robles, J., Re, A.D.; Giffard-Mena, I. & Díaz, F. (2012). Interactive effects of salinity on oxygen consumption, ammonium excretion, osmoregulation and Na+/K+ATP ase expression in the bullseye puffer (Sphoeroides annulatus, Jenyns 1842). Aquac. Res., 43(9): 1372-1383.
  58. Pihl, L. & Wennhage, H. (2002). Structure and diversity of fish assemblages on rocky and soft bottom shores on the Swedish west coast. J Fish Biol, 61: 148-166.
  59. Rassin, A.K.; Abdel-Hassan, J.K. & Hamza, A.R. (2016). Some environmental factors and their impact on the fish community composition in the Shatt al-Arab area Shafi, Basrah. 2nd Int. Sci. Biol. Sci., Women Educ. Coll. Univ. Al-Kufa: 66-75.? (in Arabic).
  60. Ridha, M.T. (2006). Tilapia Culture in Kuwait: Constraints and Solutions NAGA, WorldFish Center Quarterly, 29(3-4): 71-73.
  61. Routledge, R.D. (1983). Evenness indices: are any admissible. OIKOS, 40(1): 149-151.
  62. Sandu, P.G. & Oprea, L. (2013). Estimating fish communities structure and diversity from Predeltaic Danube Area. Anim. Sci. Biotechnol., 46(2):227-233.
  63. Shannon, C.E. & Weaver, W. (1949). The Mathematical Theory of Communication, Univ. Illions. Press Urbane, 117pp.
  64. Tyler, A.V. (1971). Periodic and resident components in communities of Atlantic fishes. J. Fish. Board Can., 28(7): 935-946.
  65. Vasagam, K.P.K.; Rajagopal, S. & Balasub- ramanian, T. (2005). Effect of salinity on gestation period, fry production, and growth performance of the sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna Lesueur) in captivity. J. Aquac., (Bamidgeh). 57: 147-152.
  66. Wetzel, R. G. (2001). Limnology: Lake and River Ecosystems, 3rd ed. Academic Press, AQn Elsevier imprint, Sanfrancisco, New York, London: 432pp.
  67. Whiterod, N.S.; Hammer, M.P. & Vilizzi, L. (2015). Spatial and temporal variability in fish community structure in Mediterranean climate temporar streams. Fund. Appl. Limnol., 187(2): 135-150.
  68. Younis, K.H. (2005). Evaluation of the life of the Shatt al-Arab Fish / karmat Ali, Basrah. Ph. D Thesis, Coll. Sci. Univ. Basrah: 155pp. (in Arabic).
  69. Younis, K.H.; Hussein, A.N. & Mohammed, A.R.M. (2010). Environmental assessment of the Shatt Al-Arab fish pond Kermat Ali, Basrah using the IBI. Karbala Univ. J.. 1st Sci. Conf., Karbala Univ.: 22-31. (in Arabic).