Main Article Content
Abstract
A field experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research Station in Wasit Governorate, with a design of RCBD this study aimed to determine the role of Bacillus, Azotobacter, and organic fertilizers on soil biological and chemical properties and potato growth indicators. The results of the application experiment showed that the mixed treatment with Azotobacter chroococcum + Bacillus megaterium bacteria was superior in terms of the number of Bacillus bacteria in the soil, the number of Azotobacter bacteria in the soil, the soil pH, the leaf area, the tuber weight,and the yield per plant (7.48×106, 8.42×106 cfu, 7.03, 1.92%, 13416 cm2, 129.10 gm, respectively). The organic fertilizer vermicompost was also superior in terms of the number of Bacillus bacteria in the soil, the number of Azotobacter bacteria in the soil, the soil reactivity, the leaf area, the tuber weight, and the yield per plant (4.45×106, 5.58×106, 7.05, 1.92%, 13434 cm2, 136.90 gm, 1386.7 gm, respectively).
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References
- Alkobaisy, J. S., & Mutlag, N. A. (2021). Effect of the use of vermicompost and rhizobial inoculation on some soil characteristics, growth and yield of mung bean Vigni radiate L. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 52(1). https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i1.1248
- Al-Maamori, H. A., Salman, A. D., Al-Budeiri, M., Al-Shami, Y. A. O., & Al-shaabani, E. M. (2023, July). Effect of Vermicompost Production on some Soil Properties and Nutrients in Plants. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1214, No. 1, p. 012006). IOP Publishing. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1214/1/012006
- Azzawi, S. S., & Kamal, J. A. K. (2023, April). Effective of Bacterial Inoculation Azotobacter Chroococcum and Bacillus Subtillis in Inoculation Density and Available Phosphorus in Soil and Plant. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1158, No. 2, p. 022002). IOP Publishing. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1158/2/022002
- Bashour, I., & Antoine, A. S. (2007). Soil Analysis Methods for Arid and Semi-arid regions. https://doi.org/10.4236/cus.2015.34027
- Black, C. A., Evans, D. D., Ensminger, L. E., White, J. L., & FE (Ed.) CLARK. (1983). Methods of soil analysis. ASA. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1107329
- Boubaker, H., Saadaoui, W., Dasgan, H. Y., Tarchoun, N., & Gruda, N. S. (2023). Enhancing seed potato production from in vitro plantlets and microtubers through biofertilizer application: Investigating effects on plant growth, tuber yield, size, and quality. Agronomy, 13(10), 2541. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13102541
- Boubaker, H., Daşgan, H. Y., & Tarchoun, N. (2021). Effects of the bio-fertilizers on potato mini tubers number and size produced from tissue culture plants. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, 5(4), 514-523. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2021.4.11
- Bremner, J. M., & Keeney, D. R. (1966). Determination and isotope‐ratio analysis of different forms of nitrogen in soils: 3. Exchangeable ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite by extraction‐distillation methods. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 30(5), 577-582. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1966.03615995003000050015x
- Ibrahim, G. H., & Al-Alawy, H. H. M. (2024, July). Effect of Enriching Vermicompost with Chemical and Biological Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Sunflower. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1371, No. 8, p. 082034). IOP Publishing. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1371/8/082034
- Palta, P., & Kumar, A. (2024). Effect of vermicompost additive on physical, chemical and dielectric properties of soil and its modeling. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 58(3), 186-206. http://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2024.2378668
- Pikovaskya, R.I . (1948) Mobilization of phosphorus in soil in connection with vital activity of some microbial species. Mikrobiologiya, 17: 362-370. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojss.2015.55010
- Pan, C. C., & Huang, C. H. (2024). Cow dung compost and vermicompost amendments promote soil carbon stock by enhancing labile organic carbon and residual oxidizable carbon fractions in maize field soil. Soil Use and Management, 40(4), e13122. https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/sum.13122
- Richards, L. A. (Ed.). (1954). Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils (No. 60). US Government Printing Office. https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=1885791#:~:text=http%3A//dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694%2D195408000%2D00012
- Suman, J., Rakshit, A., Ogireddy, S. D., Singh, S., Gupta, C., & Chandrakala, J. (2022). Microbiome as a key player in sustainable agriculture and human health. Frontiers in Soil Science, 2, 821589. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoil.2022.821589
References
Alkobaisy, J. S., & Mutlag, N. A. (2021). Effect of the use of vermicompost and rhizobial inoculation on some soil characteristics, growth and yield of mung bean Vigni radiate L. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 52(1). https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i1.1248
Al-Maamori, H. A., Salman, A. D., Al-Budeiri, M., Al-Shami, Y. A. O., & Al-shaabani, E. M. (2023, July). Effect of Vermicompost Production on some Soil Properties and Nutrients in Plants. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1214, No. 1, p. 012006). IOP Publishing. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1214/1/012006
Azzawi, S. S., & Kamal, J. A. K. (2023, April). Effective of Bacterial Inoculation Azotobacter Chroococcum and Bacillus Subtillis in Inoculation Density and Available Phosphorus in Soil and Plant. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1158, No. 2, p. 022002). IOP Publishing. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1158/2/022002
Bashour, I., & Antoine, A. S. (2007). Soil Analysis Methods for Arid and Semi-arid regions. https://doi.org/10.4236/cus.2015.34027
Black, C. A., Evans, D. D., Ensminger, L. E., White, J. L., & FE (Ed.) CLARK. (1983). Methods of soil analysis. ASA. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1107329
Boubaker, H., Saadaoui, W., Dasgan, H. Y., Tarchoun, N., & Gruda, N. S. (2023). Enhancing seed potato production from in vitro plantlets and microtubers through biofertilizer application: Investigating effects on plant growth, tuber yield, size, and quality. Agronomy, 13(10), 2541. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13102541
Boubaker, H., Daşgan, H. Y., & Tarchoun, N. (2021). Effects of the bio-fertilizers on potato mini tubers number and size produced from tissue culture plants. International Journal of Agriculture Environment and Food Sciences, 5(4), 514-523. https://doi.org/10.31015/jaefs.2021.4.11
Bremner, J. M., & Keeney, D. R. (1966). Determination and isotope‐ratio analysis of different forms of nitrogen in soils: 3. Exchangeable ammonium, nitrate, and nitrite by extraction‐distillation methods. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 30(5), 577-582. https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj1966.03615995003000050015x
Ibrahim, G. H., & Al-Alawy, H. H. M. (2024, July). Effect of Enriching Vermicompost with Chemical and Biological Fertilizers on the Growth and Yield of Sunflower. In IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science (Vol. 1371, No. 8, p. 082034). IOP Publishing. http://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1371/8/082034
Palta, P., & Kumar, A. (2024). Effect of vermicompost additive on physical, chemical and dielectric properties of soil and its modeling. Journal of Microwave Power and Electromagnetic Energy, 58(3), 186-206. http://doi.org/10.1080/08327823.2024.2378668
Pikovaskya, R.I . (1948) Mobilization of phosphorus in soil in connection with vital activity of some microbial species. Mikrobiologiya, 17: 362-370. https://doi.org/10.4236/ojss.2015.55010
Pan, C. C., & Huang, C. H. (2024). Cow dung compost and vermicompost amendments promote soil carbon stock by enhancing labile organic carbon and residual oxidizable carbon fractions in maize field soil. Soil Use and Management, 40(4), e13122. https://bsssjournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/sum.13122
Richards, L. A. (Ed.). (1954). Diagnosis and improvement of saline and alkali soils (No. 60). US Government Printing Office. https://www.scirp.org/reference/referencespapers?referenceid=1885791#:~:text=http%3A//dx.doi.org/10.1097/00010694%2D195408000%2D00012
Suman, J., Rakshit, A., Ogireddy, S. D., Singh, S., Gupta, C., & Chandrakala, J. (2022). Microbiome as a key player in sustainable agriculture and human health. Frontiers in Soil Science, 2, 821589. https://doi.org/10.3389/fsoil.2022.821589