TY - JOUR AU - Jaber , Mohammad A. AU - Fayyadh, Mohammed A. PY - 2019/11/22 Y2 - 2024/03/29 TI - Biological Control of Charcoal Rot Disease Caused by Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi) Goid on Cowpea and Mung Bean by Some Isolates of Streptomyces spp. JF - Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences JA - Basrah J. Agric. Sci. VL - 32 IS - SE - ORIGINAL ARTICLE(S) DO - 10.37077/25200860.2019.269 UR - https://bjas.bajas.edu.iq/index.php/bjas/article/view/154 SP - 207-219 AB - <p style="text-align: justify;">Thirty-nine isolates of Actinomycetes were isolated from different sources such as rhizosphere and plant roots of Alfalfa, Clovers, cowpea, Mung bean,<strong>&nbsp;</strong>sorghum and date&nbsp;palms. Biochemical tests showed that all isolates were gram positive and capable of producing amylase, catalase and gelatinase enzymes. The isolates showed a positive test for gram staining. The isolates were capable of producing the enzymes of amylase, catalase and gelatinase. Dual culture technique showed that&nbsp;<em>Streptomyces griseorubens</em>,<em>&nbsp;S. tendae</em> 6,<em>&nbsp;S. tendae</em>2,<em>&nbsp;S. tendae</em> 5, <em>S. parvulus</em> and <em>S. tendae</em> 6 had high antagonistic activity against&nbsp;<em>Macrophomina phaseolina</em>&nbsp;as a zone of inhibition reached 15, 14, 13, 15, 14 and 12mm, respectively. Molecular identification revealed that actinomycetes isolate No 15, 23, 24 and 30 isolated from rhizosphere&nbsp;of Clovers, Sorghum<em>, </em>Alfalfa<em>, </em>Mung bean&nbsp;had 99% similarity with S. <em>tendae</em>&nbsp;while Actinomycetes No 38 isolated from rhizosphere&nbsp;of&nbsp;Cowpea had 99% similarity with S.<em>&nbsp;grseorubens&nbsp;</em>.and isolate No 27 isolated from&nbsp;date&nbsp;palms&nbsp;had 99% similarity with <em>S</em>.<em>parvulus</em>. all isolate were deposited at NCBI with GenBank accession number LC499602.1, LC499603.1, LC499606.1, LC499607.1, LC499604.1, LC499605.1. The isolate of <em>S. griseorubens</em> showed high efficacy in reducing disease. Which was 10.1% compared with 49.5% in control treatment on cowpea. 22.0% in mung bean compared to 43.4% in control treatment. In the field experiment, the results showed that soil treated with Actinomycetes isolates led to an increase in the percentage of seed germination and reduced the percentage of fungus infection.&nbsp;<em>S. griseorubens </em>reduced the percentage of infection to 11.54% compared to 32.33% in control treatment.</p> ER -