Main Article Content
Abstract
A filed experiment was carried out at one of the private farms at Al-Suwaira District, Wasit Governorate during the spring season 2021, in order to evaluate the effect of adding Fulyzme plus (biofertilizer) and the foliar application of green tea extract (organic nutrient) on growth and yield of pepper plant cv. California wonder. A factorial experiment (43) was carried out using RCBD Design with three replicates. The Fulyzme plus treatment was applied with four concentrations (0, 10, 20. and 30 g. L-1). The foliar application of green tea extract was applied with three concentrations which were 0, 2 and 4 ml. L-1. Results revealed significant effects of Fulyzme plus at 30 g. L-1 and the foliar application of green tea extract at the 4 ml. L-1 in plant height (89.62 cm), number of branches (9.44 branch. Plant-1), number of leaves (38.28 leaf. Plant-1), leaves area (40.79 dcm2. Plant-1), number of flowers (35.77 flower. Plant-1) and fruits set (62.45%), number of fruits (17.96 fruit. Plant-1), plant yield (4.16 kg. plant-1), productivity (137.93 t. ha-1) and Vitamin. C in fruits (34.74 ml.100g-1). Therefore adding bio-fertilizer and spraying with organic nutrient improved vegetative growth and increase yield of pepper plants.
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References
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References
A.O.A.C. (2016). Official Methods of Analysis of AOAC International. 20th Edition, Washington D.C., 3172pp.
Abbas, M. F., Jerry, A.N., & Faisal, H. A. (2014). Effect of salicylic acid and ascorbic acid and method of application on flowering and green yield of broad bean (Vicia faba L.) plants. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 27(1), 34-43.
Abou El-Nour, H. H., & Ewais, N. A. (2017). Effect of Moringa oleifera leaf extract (mle) on pepper seed germination, seedlings improvement, growth, fruit yield and its quality. Middle East Journal of Agriculture Research, 6(02), 448-463.
Abu Rayan A. M. (2010). Organic farming: Its specifications and importance in human health. Dar Wael for Publishing and Distribution, first edition, Amman, 322pp. (in Arabic).
Ahmed, M. E. M., Abd- Ellatif, A. A., & Al-Araby A. A. (2013). Growth, yield and fruit quality of sweet pepper plants as affected by some bio organic and mineral fertilizers application. Life Science Journal, 10(4), 2756-2766.
http://www.dx.doi.org/10.7537/marslsj100413.369
Al-Rawi, K. M., & Khalaf Allah, A.M. (2000). Design and Analysis of Agricultural Experiments. Dar Al Kutub Printing & Publishing Est. 2nd ed. University of Mosul, Iraq, 488pp. (In Arabic).
Almohammedi, O. H. M., & Kokaz N. M. (2021). Effect of adding the biological fertilizer, fulzyme plus, and spraying CaC12 on efficiency of the Rhizoctonia fungus, and the qualitative of the potato (Solanum tuberosum L.). 1st International Virtual Conference on Environment and Natural Resources (IVCENR-2020) College of Science, University of Al-Qadisiyah, 24th-25th March.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/790/1/012060
Armstronga L., do Carmob, M. A. V., Wuc, Y., Esmerinod, L. A., Azevedob, L., Zhangc, L., & Granatoe, D. (2020). Optimizing the extraction of bioactive compounds from pu-erh tea (Camellia sinensis var. assamica) and evaluation of antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antihemolytic, and inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities. Food Research International, 137. 109430.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2020.109430
Brion D., Sarreal, C., Ravva, S., & Stanker, L. (2004). Effect of molasses on regrowth of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in compost teas. Compost Science & Utilization, 12(1), 93-96.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1065657X.2004.10702163
De Jong, M., Mariani, C., & Vriezen, W. H. (2009). The role of auxin and gibberellin in tomato fruit set. Journal of Experimental Botany, 60 (5): 1523–1532.
https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erp094
El-Akabawy, M. A. (2000). Effect of some biofertilizers and farmyard manure on yield and nutrient uptake of Egyptian clover grown on loamy sand soil. Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 78(5), 1811-1820. (Abs.).
https://www.cabdirect.org/cabdirect/abstract/20023146047
Estken, A., & Pirlak, L. (2002). The effects of bio stimulator applications on nutrient composition of strawberries. Acta. Agrobotanic, 55(2), 51-55.
https://doi.org/10.5586/aa.2002.042
Giovannoni, J. J. (2004). Genetic regulation of fruit development and ripening. Plant Cell, 16, 170-180.
Goss, M. J., Tubelleh, A. & Goorahoo, D. (2013). A review of the use of organic amendments and the risk to human health. Advances in Agronomy, 120, 275-379.
https://europepmc.org/article/agr/ind601117263
Hassan F. A., Ali, E. F., & Mahfouz, S. A. (2012). Comparison between different fertilization sources, irrigation frequency and their combinations on the growth and yield of Coriander plant. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 6(3), 600-615.
Hussein, M. J., Abbas, J. A., &. Hamza, A. H. (2016) Effect of biofertilizer EM-1 and stimulation hormone (Biozyme) on growth and yield of potato Solanum tuberosum L. Al Furat Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 8(3), 41-46.
https://www.iasj.net/iasj/article/115845
Lee, L. S., Kim. S. H., Kim, Y. B., & Kim, Y. C. (2015) Quantitative analysis of major constituents in green tea with different plucking periods and their antioxidant activity". Molecules, 19(7), 9173-9186.
https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules19079173
Pane, C., Villecco, D., & Zaccardelli, M. (2013a). Short-time response of microbial communities to waste compost amendment of an intensive cultivated soil in Southern Italy. Communication Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 44(15), 2344-2352.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2013.803566
Pane, C., Piccolo. A., Spaccini. R., Celano, G., Villecco, D., & Zaccardelli, M. (2013b). Agricultural waste-based composts exhibiting suppressivity to diseases caused by the phytopathogenic soilborne fungi Rhizoctonia solani and Sclerotinia minor. Applied Soil Ecology, 65, 43-51.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2013.01.002
Radin A. M., & Warman, P. R. (2011). Effect of municipal solid waste compost and compost tea as fertility amendments on growth and tissue element concentration in container- grown tomato. Communication Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 42(11), 1349-1362.
https://doi.org/10.1080/00103624.2011.571742
Rao, A.V., & Rao, L. G. (2007). Carotenoids and human health. Pharmacological research, 55(3), 207-216.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2007.01.012
Sadik, S. K., AL-Taweel, A. A. & Dhyeab, N. S. (2011). New Computer Program for Estimating Leaf Area of Several Vegetable Crops. American-Eurasian Journal of Sustainable Agriculture, 5(2), 304-309.
Scotti R., Pane, C., Spaccini, R., Palese, A. M., Piccolo, A., Celano, G. & Zaccardelli, M. (2016). On-farm compost: a useful tool to improve soil quality under intensive farming systems. Applied Soil Ecology, 107, 13-23.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsoil.2016.05.004
Shayal Alalam, A. T. M., Fadhil, N. N., & Dawood, M. A. (2020). Effect of fulzyme fertilizer, rice residues and DAP on available of some nutrients for the soil of budded apricot seedlings Prunus armeniaca L. cv. "ZAGHINIA". Future Journal of Agriculture, 2, 20-31. (In Arabic).
http://doi.org/10.37229/fsa.fja.2020.04.07
Stojanova, M.T., Stojkova, I., Ivanovski, I., & Stojanova, M. (2016). The effect of foliar fertilization on the yield of Primorski almond cultivar in valandovo. Zbornik Radova, 21(23), 111-116.
http://arhiva.nara.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1644
Taiz, L. & Zeiger, E. (2010). Plant Physiology. 5th Edition, Sinaure Associates Inc. Sunderland, 782pp.
Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., Moller, I. M., & Murphy, A. (2018). Plant Physiology and Development. 6th. Edition. Sinecure Associates Incorporated, Sunderland, Oxford University Press, 896pp.
https://global.oup.com/ukhe/product/plant-physiology-and-development-9781605357454?cc=gb&lang=en&
Zaccardelli M. Z., Pane, C., & Villecco, D. (2018) Compost tea spraying increases yield performance of pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) grown in greenhouse under organic farming system. Italian Journal of Agronomy, 13(3), 229-234.