Main Article Content
Abstract
This paper focuses on the in-field transporting machines currently used in oil palm plantations in Malaysia. It highlights the field conditions, the capacity of the machines and the time of completion of the transporting process which help to identify the determinants of the development of agricultural mechanization in Malaysian oil palm plantations. Understanding of the issues will help facilitate the elimination of weaknesses and defects prior to the manufacturing or modification stage. This will assist designers and manufacturers in the development and production of improved and more efficient field transportation equipment.
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References
- Akande, F., Kazeem, O., Oluwole, O., & Gbolahan, B. (2013). Level of oil palm production mechanization in selected local government areas of Oyo and Osun States , Nigeria . Innovative System Design and Enginneering, 4, 36–40. https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/ISDE/article/view/6250
- Awaludin, A., Syed S. S. A., Abdul H. Z. A., & Azahah A. (2016a). Conceptual of mobile oil palm fresh fruit bunch catcher. International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research, 4, 1159–1163. https://ijair.org/index.php/issues?view=publication&task=show&id=766
- Awaludin, A., Syed, S. , Abdul Halim, Z. A., & Mohd, R. N. (2015). Performance study of an oil palm fresh fruit bunch three wheeler evacuation machine. The Online Journal of Science and Technology, 5, 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.062
- Awaludin, A., Syed S. S. A., Abdul Halim Z. A., & Rasidi I. (2016b). Performance study of an oil palm mobile bunch catcher. International Journal of Engineering Innovation & Research, 5, 384–388. https://ijeir.org/administrator/components/com_jresearch/files/publications/IJEIR_2149_FINAL.pdf
- Deraman, M. S., Hitam, A., & Mohammad, B. S. (2004). Cableway system for oil palm FFB evacuation. MPOB Information Series TT No. 218, 3–6. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-218.pdf
- Deraman, M. S., Shuib, A. R., & Mohd, S. J. (2009). Roller-type oil palm loose fruit picker. MPOB Information Series TT No. 419, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-419.pdf
- Deraman, M. S., Hitam, A., Shuib, A. R.; Mohamed, A. (2006). Compact Transporter for in-Field Activities. MPOB Information Series TT No. 316, 2–3. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-316.pdf
- Deraman, M.S., AbdRahim, S., Zaprunnizam, M. A., Aminulrashid, M., & Hartini, M. D. H. (2013). Rhyno: A Multipurpose Wheel type transporter for oil palm Activities on undulating terrain and soggy Areas. MPOB Information Series TT No. 535, 29–32.
- El Pebrian, D.,& Azmi Y. (2013). Mechanized System for in-Field Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunches Collection-Transportation. AMA-AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION IN ASIA, AFRICA, AND LATIN AMERICA, 44, 7–14. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274653976_Mechanized_System_for_in-Field_Oil_Palm_Fresh_Fruit_Bunches_Collection-Transportation
- Hitam, A., & Ibrahim, A. (1992). The gabber. An important development towards reducing dependence on labour. MPOB Information Series TT No. 03.
- Hitam, A., & Abd Rahim S. (1995a). The Grabber Mark 2 An Automatic Mechanical Loader. MPOB Information Series TT No. 18, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-18.pdf
- Hitam, A., & Abd Rahim S. (2000). The Wakfoot MK 2 an Infield FFB transport for peat area. MPOB Information Series TT No. 78, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/TOTV3/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/tt78.pdf
- Hitam, A.; & Deraman, M. S. (2001a). Motorcycle Trailer: An important to assist oil palm smallholder for field activities. MPOB Information Series TT No. 107, 1–4. http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77751/1/FK%202019%2050%20IR.pdf
- Hitam, A., & Deraman, M. S. (2001b). Powered wheelbarrow: An implement to assist Oil palm field activities. MPOB Information Series. TT No. 108, 1–2.
- Hitam, A., Ahmad, Z. M. Y., & Mohd, S. (1995b). Loose Fruit collector. MPOB Information Series TT No. 19, 1–2. https://journal.ump.edu.my/ijets/article/download/2909/644/
- Ismail, W. I. W. (2010). Research and Development of Oil Palm Harvester Robot At Universiti Putra Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7, 87–94. http://ijet.feiic.org/journals/2010Issue%202%20-%2006.pdf
- Jahis, S., & Ahmad, H. (1999). Mechanical FFB loader for short palm-the grabbie. MPOB Information Series TT No. 59, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-59.pdf
- Jelani, A., Desa, A., Ahmad, H., Azmi, Y., & Johari, J. (1998). Force and energy requirments for cutting oil palm frond. Journal of Oil Palm Research, 10, 10–24.
- Mahat, S. B.A. (2012). The Palm oil industry from the perspective of sustainable development: A case study of Malaysian palm oil industry. M. Sc. Thesis. Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University Japan. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Palm-Oil-Industry-From-The-Perspective-of-A-of-Binti-Mahat/a8fbe484de2bfacbb17355e9af6638b8eab15dfc
- Nadzri, M. M. M., & Ahmad, A. (2016). Roller picker robot (ROPICOT 1.0) for loose fruit collection system. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 11, 8983–8986. http://www.arpnjournals.org/jeas/research_papers/rp_2016/jeas_0716_4712.pdf
- Norzan, M. L., Shahriman,A. B., Shamsul, B. M. T., Deros, B. M., Rambely, A.S. Khairunizam W., Ng, Y. G., Mohd, A., Cheng, E. M., Shafriza, N. B., & Zaaba, S. K. (2014). Overcoming issues of oil palm plantations manual work with ergonomic and engineering considerations. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8, 393–397.
- Nur, S. M. N., Baba, M. D., & Norani, N. (2014). Barriers of Adopting Harvesting Technology In Malaysian Oil Palm Industry. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8, 198–200.
- Onwude, D. I., Rafia, A.,Chandima, G., & Norhashila H. (2016). Mechanisation of large-scale agricultural fields in developing countries - a review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 96, 3969–3976. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7699
- Otieno, N. E., Xeuping, D., Daniele, D. B., Abbassi, B., Elise, S., Marouan, R., Lise, J. (2016). Palm oil production in Malaysia : An analytical systems model for balancing economic prosperity, forest conservation and social welfare. Agricultural Sciences, 7, 55–69. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2016.72006-418.pdf
- Shuib, A., & Ahmad, H. (2002). Half-track machine for all weather in-field collection of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB). MPOB Information Series TT No. 136, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/tt136.pdf
- Shuib, A., Mohd, R. Kh., & Mohd, S. D. (2011a). Innovation and technologies for oil palm mechanization. In Further advances in oil research (2000-2010), 570–597.
- Shuib, A., Azmi, Y., Wan, I. W. I., & Desa, A. (2009). A six-wheel-drive transporter for oil palm FFB evacuation. MPOB Information Series TT No. 418, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT
- Shuib, A., Mohd, R. Kh., Mohd S. D., & Aminulrashid, M. (2011b). Prime mover for soft ground areas. MPOB Information Series TT No. 489, 1–4. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-489.pdf
- Shuib, A., Mohd, R. Kh., Mohd, S. D., & Aminulrashid, M. (2012). Oil palm loose fruits collector (MK III). MPOB Information Series TT No. 505, 3–6. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-505.pdf
- Shuib, A., Mohd, R. Kh., Mohd, A. B., Aminulrashid, M. & Nordin, S. (2017). Oil palm loose fruit collecting machine with elevated discharge mechanism (LFC Mark IV). MPOB Information Series. TT No. 612, 3–6. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/tot2017/TT612-Rahim%20Shuib.pdf
- Shuib, A., Norman, K., Mohd, H. H., Wahid, O., Idris, A., Siti, R. A. A., Ahmad, T. M., & Amirulrashid, M. (2008). Otowey: an in-field FFB transporter with electronic weighing system. MPOB Information Series. TT No.408, 3–6.
- Yusof, A. Z. M. D., Ahmad, H. & Mohd, B. W. (1999). Mobile ramb-for mainline loading of oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB). MPOB Information Series TT No. 75, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/TOTV3/tt-no-75-mobile-ramp-for-mainline-loading-of-oil-palm-fresh-fruit-bunches/
- Yusoff, I. S. M., Shamsul, B. M., Aini, M. S., Yee, G. N. G., & Mori, I. (2014). Oil palm workers: designing ergonomics harvesting tool using user centered design approach to reducing awkward body posture by catia simulation. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 43, 72–80. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4866
- Zamari, A. M. Y., & Ahmad, H. (1999). Mechanical loose fruit collector (MK II). MPOB Information Series. TT No. 57, 1–4. Retrieved from https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/19281793/mechanical-loose-fruit-collector-mk-ii-palmoilis
References
Akande, F., Kazeem, O., Oluwole, O., & Gbolahan, B. (2013). Level of oil palm production mechanization in selected local government areas of Oyo and Osun States , Nigeria . Innovative System Design and Enginneering, 4, 36–40. https://www.iiste.org/Journals/index.php/ISDE/article/view/6250
Awaludin, A., Syed S. S. A., Abdul H. Z. A., & Azahah A. (2016a). Conceptual of mobile oil palm fresh fruit bunch catcher. International Journal of Agriculture Innovations and Research, 4, 1159–1163. https://ijair.org/index.php/issues?view=publication&task=show&id=766
Awaludin, A., Syed, S. , Abdul Halim, Z. A., & Mohd, R. N. (2015). Performance study of an oil palm fresh fruit bunch three wheeler evacuation machine. The Online Journal of Science and Technology, 5, 46–53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.062
Awaludin, A., Syed S. S. A., Abdul Halim Z. A., & Rasidi I. (2016b). Performance study of an oil palm mobile bunch catcher. International Journal of Engineering Innovation & Research, 5, 384–388. https://ijeir.org/administrator/components/com_jresearch/files/publications/IJEIR_2149_FINAL.pdf
Deraman, M. S., Hitam, A., & Mohammad, B. S. (2004). Cableway system for oil palm FFB evacuation. MPOB Information Series TT No. 218, 3–6. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-218.pdf
Deraman, M. S., Shuib, A. R., & Mohd, S. J. (2009). Roller-type oil palm loose fruit picker. MPOB Information Series TT No. 419, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-419.pdf
Deraman, M. S., Hitam, A., Shuib, A. R.; Mohamed, A. (2006). Compact Transporter for in-Field Activities. MPOB Information Series TT No. 316, 2–3. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-316.pdf
Deraman, M.S., AbdRahim, S., Zaprunnizam, M. A., Aminulrashid, M., & Hartini, M. D. H. (2013). Rhyno: A Multipurpose Wheel type transporter for oil palm Activities on undulating terrain and soggy Areas. MPOB Information Series TT No. 535, 29–32.
El Pebrian, D.,& Azmi Y. (2013). Mechanized System for in-Field Oil Palm Fresh Fruit Bunches Collection-Transportation. AMA-AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION IN ASIA, AFRICA, AND LATIN AMERICA, 44, 7–14. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/274653976_Mechanized_System_for_in-Field_Oil_Palm_Fresh_Fruit_Bunches_Collection-Transportation
Hitam, A., & Ibrahim, A. (1992). The gabber. An important development towards reducing dependence on labour. MPOB Information Series TT No. 03.
Hitam, A., & Abd Rahim S. (1995a). The Grabber Mark 2 An Automatic Mechanical Loader. MPOB Information Series TT No. 18, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-18.pdf
Hitam, A., & Abd Rahim S. (2000). The Wakfoot MK 2 an Infield FFB transport for peat area. MPOB Information Series TT No. 78, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/TOTV3/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/tt78.pdf
Hitam, A.; & Deraman, M. S. (2001a). Motorcycle Trailer: An important to assist oil palm smallholder for field activities. MPOB Information Series TT No. 107, 1–4. http://psasir.upm.edu.my/id/eprint/77751/1/FK%202019%2050%20IR.pdf
Hitam, A., & Deraman, M. S. (2001b). Powered wheelbarrow: An implement to assist Oil palm field activities. MPOB Information Series. TT No. 108, 1–2.
Hitam, A., Ahmad, Z. M. Y., & Mohd, S. (1995b). Loose Fruit collector. MPOB Information Series TT No. 19, 1–2. https://journal.ump.edu.my/ijets/article/download/2909/644/
Ismail, W. I. W. (2010). Research and Development of Oil Palm Harvester Robot At Universiti Putra Malaysia. International Journal of Engineering and Technology, 7, 87–94. http://ijet.feiic.org/journals/2010Issue%202%20-%2006.pdf
Jahis, S., & Ahmad, H. (1999). Mechanical FFB loader for short palm-the grabbie. MPOB Information Series TT No. 59, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-59.pdf
Jelani, A., Desa, A., Ahmad, H., Azmi, Y., & Johari, J. (1998). Force and energy requirments for cutting oil palm frond. Journal of Oil Palm Research, 10, 10–24.
Mahat, S. B.A. (2012). The Palm oil industry from the perspective of sustainable development: A case study of Malaysian palm oil industry. M. Sc. Thesis. Ritsumeikan Asia Pacific University Japan. https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Palm-Oil-Industry-From-The-Perspective-of-A-of-Binti-Mahat/a8fbe484de2bfacbb17355e9af6638b8eab15dfc
Nadzri, M. M. M., & Ahmad, A. (2016). Roller picker robot (ROPICOT 1.0) for loose fruit collection system. ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences, 11, 8983–8986. http://www.arpnjournals.org/jeas/research_papers/rp_2016/jeas_0716_4712.pdf
Norzan, M. L., Shahriman,A. B., Shamsul, B. M. T., Deros, B. M., Rambely, A.S. Khairunizam W., Ng, Y. G., Mohd, A., Cheng, E. M., Shafriza, N. B., & Zaaba, S. K. (2014). Overcoming issues of oil palm plantations manual work with ergonomic and engineering considerations. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8, 393–397.
Nur, S. M. N., Baba, M. D., & Norani, N. (2014). Barriers of Adopting Harvesting Technology In Malaysian Oil Palm Industry. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 8, 198–200.
Onwude, D. I., Rafia, A.,Chandima, G., & Norhashila H. (2016). Mechanisation of large-scale agricultural fields in developing countries - a review. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 96, 3969–3976. https://doi.org/10.1002/jsfa.7699
Otieno, N. E., Xeuping, D., Daniele, D. B., Abbassi, B., Elise, S., Marouan, R., Lise, J. (2016). Palm oil production in Malaysia : An analytical systems model for balancing economic prosperity, forest conservation and social welfare. Agricultural Sciences, 7, 55–69. https://doi.org/10.4236/as.2016.72006-418.pdf
Shuib, A., & Ahmad, H. (2002). Half-track machine for all weather in-field collection of oil palm fresh fruit bunches (FFB). MPOB Information Series TT No. 136, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/tt136.pdf
Shuib, A., Mohd, R. Kh., & Mohd, S. D. (2011a). Innovation and technologies for oil palm mechanization. In Further advances in oil research (2000-2010), 570–597.
Shuib, A., Azmi, Y., Wan, I. W. I., & Desa, A. (2009). A six-wheel-drive transporter for oil palm FFB evacuation. MPOB Information Series TT No. 418, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT
Shuib, A., Mohd, R. Kh., Mohd S. D., & Aminulrashid, M. (2011b). Prime mover for soft ground areas. MPOB Information Series TT No. 489, 1–4. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-489.pdf
Shuib, A., Mohd, R. Kh., Mohd, S. D., & Aminulrashid, M. (2012). Oil palm loose fruits collector (MK III). MPOB Information Series TT No. 505, 3–6. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/TT-505.pdf
Shuib, A., Mohd, R. Kh., Mohd, A. B., Aminulrashid, M. & Nordin, S. (2017). Oil palm loose fruit collecting machine with elevated discharge mechanism (LFC Mark IV). MPOB Information Series. TT No. 612, 3–6. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/publications/TOT/tot2017/TT612-Rahim%20Shuib.pdf
Shuib, A., Norman, K., Mohd, H. H., Wahid, O., Idris, A., Siti, R. A. A., Ahmad, T. M., & Amirulrashid, M. (2008). Otowey: an in-field FFB transporter with electronic weighing system. MPOB Information Series. TT No.408, 3–6.
Yusof, A. Z. M. D., Ahmad, H. & Mohd, B. W. (1999). Mobile ramb-for mainline loading of oil palm fresh fruit bunch (FFB). MPOB Information Series TT No. 75, 1–2. http://palmoilis.mpob.gov.my/TOTV3/tt-no-75-mobile-ramp-for-mainline-loading-of-oil-palm-fresh-fruit-bunches/
Yusoff, I. S. M., Shamsul, B. M., Aini, M. S., Yee, G. N. G., & Mori, I. (2014). Oil palm workers: designing ergonomics harvesting tool using user centered design approach to reducing awkward body posture by catia simulation. Iranian Journal of Public Health, 43, 72–80. https://ijph.tums.ac.ir/index.php/ijph/article/view/4866
Zamari, A. M. Y., & Ahmad, H. (1999). Mechanical loose fruit collector (MK II). MPOB Information Series. TT No. 57, 1–4. Retrieved from https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/view/19281793/mechanical-loose-fruit-collector-mk-ii-palmoilis