Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 395 Download : 257

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

The present study was designed to measure both eye and nasal temperatures by stroking the animals’ body to determine positive emotional state in free-range Hamdani ewes. Twenty Hamdani ewes, aging 2-4 years, were used in this study. Focal sampling was used to collect data. Data were collected from both nose and eyes of animals. A total of 1680 temperature data, an average of 84 data from each ewe, were collected from all twenty ewes throughout the study. Ewes were stroked at the forehead, withers and neck for five minutes, temperature data were collected twice before, twice during and twice after stroking for both eyes and nose. Results revealed that there was a significant difference in eye temperature (P<0.01) as well as nasal temperature (P<0.05) between the three stages. Both eye and nasal temperatures were decreasing over time. In addition, the mean eye and nasal temperatures for all stopwatches were highly correlated (r = 0.94). From this study it could be concluded that peripheral (eye and nose) temperatures offer a useful understanding of changes in emotional valence in ewes.

Keywords

Eye and nasal temperature positive emotions sheep stroking

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Hussein, N. J. . (2019). Using Eye and Nasal Temperatures to Measure Positive Emotions in Free-Range Hamdani Sheep. Basrah Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 31(2), 24–30. https://doi.org/10.37077/25200860.2018.96
Download Citation
Endnote/Zotero/Mendeley (RIS)
BibTeX

References

  1. Alsaaod, M. & Büscher, W. (2012). Detection of hoof lesions using digital infrared thermography in dairy cows. J. Dairy Sci., 95(2): 735-742.
  2. Beausoleil N. J.; Stafford K. J. & Mellor D. J. (2004). Can we use change in core body temperature to evaluate stress in sheep? Proc New Zeal. Soc. Anim. Prod., 64: 72-76.
  3. Boissy, A. & Lee, C. (2014). How assessing relationships between emotions and cognition can improve farm animal welfare. Revue Scientifique et Technique (International Office of Epizootics), 33: 103-110.
  4. Boivin, X.; Le Neindre, P. & Chupin, J. M. (1992). Establishment of cattle-human relationships. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 32(4): 325-335.
  5. Boivin, X.; Lensink, J.; Tallet, C. & Vessier, I. (2003). Stockmanship and farm animal welfare. Anim. Welfare, 12: 479-492.
  6. Cabanac, M. & Aizawa, S. (2000). Fever and tachycardia in a bird (Gallus domesticus) after simple handling. Physiol. Behav., 69(4): 541-545.
  7. Girardin, F.; Orgül, S.; Erb, C. & Flammer, J. (1999). Relationship between corneal temperature and finger temperature. Arch. Ophth., 117(2): 166-169.
  8. Guatteo, R.; Levionnois, O.; Fournier, D.; Guemene, D.; Latouche, K.; Leterrier, C.; Mormède, P.; Prunier, A.; Serviere, J.; Terlouw, C. & Le Neindre, P. (2012).
  9. Minimising pain in farm animals: the 3S approach-Suppress, Substitute, Soothe’. Animal, 6(8): 1261-1274.
  10. Herr, K.; Bjoro, K. & Decker, S. (2006). Tools for assessment of pain in nonverbal older adults with dementia: a state-of-the-science review. J. Pain Symptom Manage, 31(2): 170-192.
  11. Jansen, A.S.; Van Nguyen, X.; Karpitskiy, V.; Mettenleiter, T.C. & Loewy, A.D. (1995). Central command neurons of the sympathetic nervous system: basis of the flight-or-flight response. Science, 270(5236): 644-646.
  12. Lensink, B. J.; Veissier, I. & Florand, L. (2001). The farmers’ influence on calves’ behaviour, health and production of a veal unit. Anim. Sci., 72(1): 105-116.
  13. Ludwig, N.; Gargano, M.; Luzi, F.; Carenzi, C. & Verga, M. (2010). Applicability of infrared thermography as a non-invasive measurements of stress in rabbit. World Rabbit Sci., 15(4): 199-206.
  14. Macaulay, A.S.; Hahn, G.L.; Clark, D.H. & Sisson, D.V. (1995). Comparison of calf housing types and tympanic temperature rhythms in Holstein calves1, 24. J. Dairy Sci., 78 (4): 856-862.
  15. Moe, R.O.; Stubsjøen, S.M.; Bohlin, J.; Flø, A. & Bakken, M. (2012). Peripheral temperature drop in response to anticipation and consumption of a signaled palatable reward in laying hens (Gallus domesticus). Physiol. Behav., 106(4): 527-533.
  16. Proctor, H.S. & Carder, G. (2015a). Nasal temperatures in dairy cows are influenced by positive emotional state. Physiol. Behav, 138: 340-344.
  17. Proctor, H.S. & Carder, G. (2015b). Measuring positive emotions in cows: Do visible eye whites tell us anything?. Physiol. Behav., 147: 1-6.
  18. Proctor, H. & Carder, G. (2016). Can changes in nasal temperature be used as an indicator of emotional state in cows?. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 184: 1-6.
  19. Rushen, J.; Taylor, A.A. & de Passillé, A.M. (1999). Domestic animals' fear of humans and its effect on their welfare. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 65(3): 285-303.
  20. Schmied, C.; Boivin, X.; Scala, S. & Waiblinger, S. (2010). Effect of previous stroking on reactions to a veterinary procedure: Behaviour and heart rate of dairy cows. Interact. Stud., 11(3): 467-481.
  21. Schmied, C.; Waiblinger, S.; Scharl, T.; Leisch, F. & Boivin, X. (2008). Stroking of different body regions by a human: ?ffects on behaviour and heart rate of dairy cows. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 109(1): 25-38.
  22. Stewart, M.; Schaefer, A.L.; Haley, D.B.; Colyn, J.; Cook, N.J.; Stafford, K.J. & Webster, J.R. (2008a). Infrared thermography as a non-invasive method for detecting fear-related responses of cattle to handling procedures. Anim. Welfare, 17(4): 387-393.
  23. Stewart, M.; Webster, J.R.; Schaefer, A.L. & Stafford, K.J. (2008b). Infrared thermography and heart rate variability for non-invasive assessment of animal welfare. ANZCCART Humane Science News, 21: 1-4.
  24. Stewart, M.; Webster, J. R.; Schaefer, A. L.; Cook, N. J. & Scott, S. L. (2005). Infrared thermography as a non-invasive tool to study animal welfare. Anim. Welfare, 14(4): 319-325.
  25. Stewart, M.; Webster, J.R.; Verkerk, G.A.; Schaefer, A.L.; Colyn, J.J. & Stafford, K.J. (2007). Non-invasive measurement of stress in dairy cows using infrared thermography. Physiol. Behav, 92(3): 520-525.
  26. Tallet, C.; Veissier, I. & Boivin, X. (2005). Human contact and feeding as rewards for the lamb's affinity to their stockperson. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 94(1): 59-73.
  27. Waiblinger, S.; Menke, C.; Korff, J. & Bucher, A. (2004). Previous handling and gentle interactions affect behaviour and heart rate of dairy cows during a veterinary procedure. Appl. Anim. Behav. Sci., 85: 31-42.
  28. Watts, C. (2014). Tackling Stress in Sheep through the Addition of Natural Feed Supplements. Ph. D. Thesis, Fac. Alfred Univ., New York: 58pp