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Abstract
The movement of pesticides in the soil has a significant effect, causing the failure of pest control, and environmental contamination. The results of this study were to investigate the environmental behaviour of glyphosate in the soil column. The data’s kinetic reaction was confirmed that glyphosate is subjected to Pseudo-first order rather than Pseudo-second order with the rate constant 0.042 h-1. This indicated that decreasing glyphosate concentrations can occur and gradually decline with time. The data also pointed out that glyphosate was more fitted to Freundlich compared to the Langmuir model. It scored 3.083 to 1.814, indicating the behaviour of glyphosate occurred in the various surfaces. The contribution coefficient of glyphosate between the soil and its solution Kd valued 0.33 mL. g-1, explaining that the herbicide is less mobile and tends to adsorb on soil particles. Overall data demonstrated that the kinetics of glyphosate under this current condition tends to be immobile.
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References
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References
Ahmad R., Kookana R. S., Alston A. M., & Bromilow, R. H. (2001) Differences in sorption behaviour of carbaryl and phosalone in soils from Australia, Pakistan, and the United Kingdom. Soil Research, 39, 893-908.
https://doi.org/10.1071/SR00021
Al-Farttoosy, A. (2020). Microbial-based Bioremediation of an Exemplar Organophosphorus Chemical Warfare Agent. Ph. D. Thesis, the University of Sheffield-UK July.190pp.
http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/27389/
Ali, I., ALOthman, Z. A., & Al-Warthan, A. (2016). Sorption, kinetics and thermodynamics studies of atrazine herbicide removal from water using iron nano-composite material. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 13, 733–742.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-015-0919-6
Amiri, M. J., Khozaei, M., & Gil, A. (2019) ‘Modification of the Thomas model for predicting unsymmetrical breakthrough curves using an adaptive neural-based fuzzy inference system. Journal of Water and Health, 17(1), 25-36.
https://doi.org/10.2166/wh.2019.210
Baylis, A. D. (2000). Why glyphosate is a global herbicide: strengths, weaknesses and prospects. Pest Management Science, 56(4), 299-308.
https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1526-4998(200004)56:4<299::AID-PS144>3.0.CO;2-K
Carvalho, M.F., Duque, A.F., Gonçalves, C., & Castro, P.L.M. (2007) ‘Adsorption of fluorobenzene onto granular activated carbon: isotherm and bioavailability studies. Bioresource Technology, 98(18), 3424-3430.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2006.11.001
De Jonge, H.; de Jonge, L. W., Jacobsen, O. H., Yamaguchi, T., & Moldrup, P. (2001). Glyphosate sorption in soil of different ph and phosphorus content. Soil Science, 166(4), 230-238.
Djozan, D., Mahkam, M., & Ebrahimi, B. (2009). Preparation and binding study of solid-phase microextraction fiber on the basis of ametryn-imprinted polymer. Application to the selective extraction of persistent triazine herbicides in tap water, rice, maize and onion. Journal of Chromatography A, 1216(12), 2211-2219.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2008.12.101
Gupta, S. & Gajbhiye, V. T. (2002) Adsorption–desorption, persistence, and leaching behavior of dithiopyr in an alluvial soil of India, Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B, 37(6), 573-586.
https://doi.org/10.1081/PFC-120015440
Hagner, M., Mikola, J., Saloniemi, I., Saikkonen, K., & Helander, M. (2019). Effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide on soil animal trophic groups and associated ecosystem functioning in a northern agricultural field. Scientific Reports, 9(1), 1-13.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-44988-5
Han, R., Ding, D., Xu, Y., Zou, W., Wang, Y., Li, Y., & Zou, L. (2008) Use of rice husk for the adsorption of congo red from aqueous solution in column mode. Bioresource Technology, 99(8), 2938-2946.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2007.06.027
Ho, Y. S., Porter, J. F., & McKay, G. (2002) ‘Equilibrium isotherm studies for the sorption of divalent metal ions onto peat: Copper, nickel and lead single component systems. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution, 141(1–4), 1-33.
https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021304828010
Khenifi, A., Derriche, Z., Mousty, C., Prévot, V., & Forano, C. (2010) Adsorption of glyphosate and glufosinate by Ni2AlNO3 layered double hydroxide. Applied Clay Science, 47(3), 362-371.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2009.11.055
Laitinen, P. (2009). Fate of the organophosphate herbicide glyphosate in arable soils and its relationship to soil phosphorus status. the Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences of the University of Kuopio, MTT Agrifood Research Finland, Plant Production, FI-31600 Jokioinen, Finland. 138pp.
Magga, Z., Tzovolou, D. N., Theodoropoulou, M. A., Dalkarani, T., Pikios, K., & Tsakiroglou, C. D. (2008). Soil column experiments used as a means to assess transport, sorption, and biodegradation of pesticides in groundwater. Journal of Environmental Science and Health, Part B, 43(8), 732-741.
https://doi.org/10.1080/03601230802388868
Mamy, L., & Barriuso, E. (2005). Glyphosate adsorption in soils compared to herbicides replaced with the introduction of glyphosate resistant crops. Chemosphere, 61(6), 844-855.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.04.051
Nur, T., Loganathan, P., Nguyen, T. C., Vigneswaran, S., Singh, G., & Kandasamy, J. (2014). Batch and column adsorption and desorption of fluoride using hydrous ferric oxide: Solution chemistry and modeling, Chemical Engineering Journal, 247, 93-102.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2014.03.009
OECD (2000). OECD 106 Adsorption - Desorption Using a Batch Equilibrium Method, OECD Guideline for the Testing of Chemicals, (January), 1-44.
Prata, F., Cardinali, V. C. B., Lavorenti, A., Tomisielo, L., & Regitano, J. B.. (2003). Glyphosate sorption and desorption in soils with distinct phosphorus levels, Scientia Agricola, 60(1), 175-180.
https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-90162003000100026
Revellame, E. D, Fortela, D. L., Sharp, W., Hernandez, R., & Zappi, M. E. (2020) Adsorption kinetic modeling using pseudo-first order and pseudo-second order rate laws: A review. Cleaner Engineering and Technology, 100032.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clet.2020.100032
Torodovic, G. R. (2009). Behavior of organic pollutants in the soil environment. special focus on Glyphosate and AMPA. EQA-International Journal of Environmental Quality, 2(2), 59-72.
https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2281-4485/3821
Tovar-Gómez, R., Moreno-Virgen, M. R., Dena-Aguilar, J. A., Hernández-Montoya, V., Bonilla-Petriciolet, A., & Montes-Morán, M. A. (2013) Modeling of fixed-bed adsorption of fluoride on bone char using a hybrid neural network approach. Chemical Engineering Journal, 228, 1098-1109.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2013.05.080.
Veiga, F., Zapata, J. M., Marcos, M. L. F., & Alvarez, E. (2001). Dynamics of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid in a forest soil in Galicia, North-West Spain. Science of the Total Environment, 271, 135-144.