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Abstract
The effect of electric stimulation on some quantitative characters of aged ducks and layers chicken carcasses were the main objectives of the present study. Electric stimulation apparatus of meat tenderness was designed and manufactured at Department of Food Sciences, College of Agriculture, University of Basrah. A total of 36 Ducks and Layers chicken aged 1.5 years. Birds were slaughtered by hand, were defeathered, and all internal organs were removed. Carcasses were divided into three treatments with different electric stimulation. Control group (no electric stimulation). The second treatment (Electric conductivity 3.67 V/cm) was low voltage of 110 volt and 1% saline solution. The third treatment (7.33 V/cm) was 220V and 1% saline solution. All traits were measured at 25 min, 6 hrs. and 24 hrs. Carcasses stored by freezing for 30 and 60 days. The results showed that the number of proteolysis, lipolysis, Psychrophiles bacteria were affected by electric stimulation, the third treatment revealed the lower number of bacteria. Electric stimulation (especially 220 V) was significantly reduced the number of bacteria in both chicken and duck.
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References
- Adeyemi, K.D. & Sazili, A.Q. (2014). Efficacy of carcass electrical stimulation in meat quality enhancement, Asian Australis. J. Anim. Sci., 27(3): 447-456.
- Andrew, W.C. (1992). Manual of food quality control, 4- Rev, Microbiological analysis, FAO, Food and Nutrition paper, No. 1414. (Rev-1). Rome: 338pp.
- Li, Y.; Siebenmorgen, T.J. & Griffis, C.L. (1993). Electrical stimulation in poultry: A review and evaluation. Poult. Sci., 72: 7- 22.
- Lin, C.K.; Kennick, W.H.; Sandine, W.E. & Koohmaraie, M. (1984). Effect of electrical stimulation on meat microflora: Observation on agar media, in suspensions and on beef carcasses. J. Food Prot., 47: 279-283.
- Patsias, A.; Badeka, A. V.; Savvaidis, I. N. & Kontominas, M. G. (2008). Combined effect of freeze chilling, MAP on quality parameters of raw chicken fillets. Food Microbiol., 25(4): 575-581.
- Raccach, M., & Henrickson, R. L. (1978). Storage stability and bacteriology profile of refrigerated ground beef from electrically stimulated hot boned carcasses. J. Food Prot., 41: 957-960.
- Slavik, M. F.; Griffis, C. Li, Y. & Engler, P. (1991). Effect of electrical stimulation on bacterial contamination of chicken legs. J. Food Prot., 54: 508-513.
- SPSS (2009). SPSS Statistical Package for Window. Ver. 0. Chicago. SPSS. Inc.
- Wang, S.H.; Chang, M.H. & Chen, T.C. (2004). Shelf-life, microbiological profile of chicken wing products following sous vide treatment. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 3(5): 326-332.
- Zhou, G.H.; Xu, X. L. & Liu, Y. (2010). Preservation technologies for fresh meat, a review. Meat Sci., 86(1): 119-128.
References
Adeyemi, K.D. & Sazili, A.Q. (2014). Efficacy of carcass electrical stimulation in meat quality enhancement, Asian Australis. J. Anim. Sci., 27(3): 447-456.
Andrew, W.C. (1992). Manual of food quality control, 4- Rev, Microbiological analysis, FAO, Food and Nutrition paper, No. 1414. (Rev-1). Rome: 338pp.
Li, Y.; Siebenmorgen, T.J. & Griffis, C.L. (1993). Electrical stimulation in poultry: A review and evaluation. Poult. Sci., 72: 7- 22.
Lin, C.K.; Kennick, W.H.; Sandine, W.E. & Koohmaraie, M. (1984). Effect of electrical stimulation on meat microflora: Observation on agar media, in suspensions and on beef carcasses. J. Food Prot., 47: 279-283.
Patsias, A.; Badeka, A. V.; Savvaidis, I. N. & Kontominas, M. G. (2008). Combined effect of freeze chilling, MAP on quality parameters of raw chicken fillets. Food Microbiol., 25(4): 575-581.
Raccach, M., & Henrickson, R. L. (1978). Storage stability and bacteriology profile of refrigerated ground beef from electrically stimulated hot boned carcasses. J. Food Prot., 41: 957-960.
Slavik, M. F.; Griffis, C. Li, Y. & Engler, P. (1991). Effect of electrical stimulation on bacterial contamination of chicken legs. J. Food Prot., 54: 508-513.
SPSS (2009). SPSS Statistical Package for Window. Ver. 0. Chicago. SPSS. Inc.
Wang, S.H.; Chang, M.H. & Chen, T.C. (2004). Shelf-life, microbiological profile of chicken wing products following sous vide treatment. Int. J. Poult. Sci., 3(5): 326-332.
Zhou, G.H.; Xu, X. L. & Liu, Y. (2010). Preservation technologies for fresh meat, a review. Meat Sci., 86(1): 119-128.